第十五章
原文：古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识。夫唯不可识，故强为之容：豫兮若冬涉川；犹兮若畏四邻；俨兮其若客，涣兮其若冰将释；敦兮其若扑；旷兮其若谷；浑兮其若浊，孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生？保此道者不欲盈，夫唯不盈，故能蔽而新成。
罗汉乱弹琴：
上一章老子总结了他所说的不是常道的“道”，不是常名的“名”。给人的印象是这一以贯之的“道”是看不见、听不着、抓不住、迎面不见其首，紧跟不见其后、不可名状，不可形象的“恍惚”之“名”。那么，怎样知道一个人有道无道，得道或者没得道呢？所以，老子在这一章就根据“相由心生”的原理，跟我们讲有道或者得道之人的表现。
古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识——我在解释“志”字时，讲过“士”是“干”的倒竖。现在用这个形象来指代“士”这种人，其含义就是指“士”是凭借大脑、智慧，而不是凭借武力、强行蛮干之人，所以他们将长干的兵器倒过来当拐杖用了。无论是话剧还是电影，扮演绅士者，总爱拿一根拐杖，也许就源于此。我们不是常常把这根拐杖叫做“文明棍”了么？将兵器倒杵，就又显示有“不战而屈人之兵”的气概。所以，老子在这里说，古代善于做士的人，总给人十分含蓄微妙，深藏不露，难以捉摸的印象。
夫唯不可识，故强为之容——正因为具有难以捉摸的特点，就只能勉强形容。
豫兮若冬涉川；犹兮若畏四邻；俨兮其若客，涣兮其若冰将释；敦兮其若扑；旷兮其若谷；浑兮其若浊，——（他们）在行动上往往象是冬天里过结冰的河的大象，十分地小心谨慎，（唯恐踩到薄冰掉进冰窟窿里去）；平时保持着高度的警惕，好像自己是处在四面被围的境地；在社交场合中像一个十分拘谨的客人；但是他们放浪形骸时，又会象正在点滴融化的冰块，散漫四流。敦厚得就像一块未经剪裁的原木，心胸阔寥得象宽广幽深的山谷，该糊涂犯浑时又能包容一切混浊。
孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生？——但谁比他们更能够将浑水慢慢澄清？ ，谁比他们更能将长期动乱的社会慢慢重生？
保此道者不欲盈，夫唯不盈，故能蔽而新成。——具有这种手段、方法的人，从来没想过自己已很圆满。正由于他们不自满，所以无论他们的身体还是思想，都能永葆除旧成新。
老子在这里有一个很重要的思想，往往被人忽视：包容不是消极的妥协，而是为了“澄清”。这就好比白细胞吞噬细菌一样，先是包围吞噬，然后逐渐转化。
Luohan comprehension：
In the last chapter Lao-Tzu summarize the“Tao”，it's not the name we always say，it's come across as it can not be seen，can not be hear and be hold. It is called the fleeting and indeterminable.，the formless，and the semblance of the invisible. How can see a man with princinples or without principle，saint or amoral. So in this chapter Lao-Tzu according to the principle“相由心生”（Face is shaped by their heart），to talk about the manifest of saint and holy man.
古之善为士者，微妙玄通，深不可识——I had explained the word“志”，and the word“干”is set vertically into the word“士”. Now use the image to refer to the man as“士”，and the meaning of“士”is depend on the brainy but not by force，as they use the stick which come from the weapon that had been set vertically. Whether the movie or the play，those who play the gentleman always carry a walking stick，maybe comes from it. Don't we usually call it“cane”？ To make the weapon upside-down show off the spirit “subdue the ememy without fighting”. So in here Lao-Tzu told us，the ancient scholar come across as the subtle and hidden talent.
夫唯不可识，故强为之容——Because they cannot be understood，I can only describe their appearance.
豫兮若冬涉川；犹兮若畏四邻；俨兮其若容，涣兮其若冰将释；敦兮其若扑；旷兮其若谷；浑兮其若浊——Shrinking looked they like those elephant who wade through a stream in winter（fear to fall through the ice）；irresolute like those who are afraid of all around them；grave like a guest（in awe of his host）；evanescent like ice that is melting away；unpretentious like wood that has not been fashioned into anything；vacant like a valley，and dull like muddy water.
孰能浊以静之徐清？孰能安以久动之徐生——Who can make the muddy water clear？Let it be still，and it will gradually become clear. Who can secure the condition of society？Let movement go on，and the condition of society will gradually arise.
保此道者不欲盈，夫唯不盈，故能蔽而新成——They who preserve this method of the Tao do not wish to be full of themselves. It is through their not being full of themselves that they can afford to seem worn and not appear new and complete.
Lao-Tzu has an important ideology which is always overlook by people：Tolent is not passive compromise but to clarify. As if the white cells ingest the bacteria，at first they surround the bacterial cells and then gradually transform.
2011年12月26日星期一于富力湾
